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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/ ... 1ec8f61d281e50fa5ca

匈人/阿瓦尔人和匈奴/柔然的关系，一直有猜测就是同一人群，但缺乏确凿证据，只能靠传世史料中的只言片语，和考古发掘出的模棱两可结果来推断。

这篇最新论文，则是通过对匈牙利地区挖掘出土的匈人和阿瓦尔人遗骨的古DNA测试，证明其帝国统治精英阶层来自东亚。对匈人，论文给了斩钉截铁的结论：

The European Huns had Xiongnu ancestry

Outgroup f3-statistics indicated common ancestry of MSG-1 and VZ-12673 (Extended

Data Fig. 2), as both individuals shared highest drift with Neolithic farmers from the

Wuzhuangguoliang site in northern China15, earlyXiongnu_rest, Ulaanzukh and SlabGrave

samples from Mongolia14, pointing to a likely Mongolian origin and early Xiongnu affinity of

these individuals

欧洲的匈人有匈奴血统

欧洲匈人和中国北方新石器农民，以及蒙古石板墓文化接近，说明他们起源于今蒙古地区，有匈奴血统。

Our data shows that the leader strata of both European Huns and Avars originated from the area of the former Xiongnu Empire, from present day Mongolia, and both groups can be traced back to early Xiongnu ancestors.

我们的数据表明，欧洲的匈人和阿瓦尔人的领导精英阶层起源于曾经的匈奴帝国地区，即今日蒙古高原。两者的血统都可以追溯到早期匈奴祖先

Thus our data are in accordance with the Xiongnu ancestry of European Huns,

claimed by several historians23,24. We also detected Goth- or other German-type genomes

among our Hun period samples, again consistent with historical sources

我们的数据证实了很多历史学家主张的欧洲匈人有匈奴血统的说法。我们还发现欧洲匈人有很多哥特以及其他日耳曼基因，这也证实了历史记载。